Lead sulfide semiconductor dots (QDs) represent a fascinating class of materials with exceptional optoelectronic properties due to their unique size-dependent band gap. These QDs exhibit tunable absorption and emission spectra in the visible region, making them highly desirable for a wide range of applications. Recent review delves into the divers

Nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties that have sparked widespread interest in their application for diverse technological fields. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular class of nanomaterials, exhibit the remarkable ability to convert near-infrared photons into visible light. This phenomenon has unlocked vast possibilities in b